Expression bodied members in C Sharp 7.0

C# 6.0
 
Expression bodied Methods
Expression bodied Properties
 
C# 7.0
 
Expression bodied constructor
 
Expression bodied destructor
 
Expression bodied getters
Expression bodied setters
Expression bodied Events.

 

Expression bodied Methods:

Let us learn the Previous Release of Expression bodied Method in C sharp 6.0.

Sample Syntax :

public string GetUserDetails

() => $ "{UserId} + {UserName} + {EmailId} + {ContactNumber}"; 

 Example:

class User

    {    
        public int UserId { get; set; }  
        public string UserName { get; set; }  
        public string EmailId { get; set; }  
        public string ContactNumber { get; set; }  
        public string GetUserDetails() => $"{UserId} + {UserName} + {EmailId} + {ContactNumber}"; 

    }


    class Program
    {       
static void Main(string[] args)        {
            User obj = new User();
            obj.UserId = 001;
            obj.UserName = "Rajakonda Uday Kumar";
            obj.EmailId = "rajakondauday@gmail.com";
            obj.ContactNumber = "123456";
            Console.WriteLine(obj.GetUserDetails());
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

Output:

 

There might be the situation where we want to override the ToString method in that case
class User
    {   
        public int UserId { get; set; } 
        public string UserName { get; set; } 
        public string EmailId { get; set; } 
        public string ContactNumber { get; set; } 
        public string GetUserDetails() => $"{UserId} + {UserName} + {EmailId} + {ContactNumber}";
        public override string ToString() => $"{UserId} + {UserName} + {EmailId} + {ContactNumber}";
    }
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            User obj = new User();
            obj.UserId = 001;
            obj.UserName = "Rajakonda Uday Kumar";
            obj.EmailId = "rajakondauday@gmail.com";
            obj.ContactNumber = "123456";
            Console.WriteLine(obj.ToString());
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

 

Expression Bodied Properties:

class User
    {   
        public int UserId { get; } = 0001;
        public string UserName { get; } = "Rajakonda Uday Kumar";
        public string EmailId { get;} = "rajakondauday@gmail.com";
        public string ContactNumber { get; } = "123456";
        public string GetUserDetails() => $"{UserId} + {UserName} + {EmailId} + {ContactNumber}";
        public override string ToString() => $"{UserId} + {UserName} + {EmailId} + {ContactNumber}";
    }
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            User obj = new User();
            Console.WriteLine(obj.ToString());
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

In C Sharp 7.0

 

Expression bodied constructor

 class User
    {
        public int UserId { get; } = 0001;
        public string UserName { get; } = "Rajakonda Uday Kumar";
        public string EmailId { get;} = "rajakondauday@gmail.com";
        public string ContactNumber { get; }
        public User()=> ContactNumber= "99898955555";
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(new User().ContactNumber);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

Output:

 

Expression bodied destructor

class User
    {
        public int UserId { get; } = 0001;
        public string UserName { get; } = "Rajakonda Uday Kumar";
        public string EmailId { get;} = "rajakondauday@gmail.com";
        public string ContactNumber { get; }
        public User()=> ContactNumber= "99898955555";
        ~User() => Console.WriteLine("Destructor Method");
    }
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Details();
            GC.Collect();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
        public static void Details()
        {
            Console.WriteLine(new User().ContactNumber);
            User user = new User();
        }
    }

Expression bodied getters & setters

class User
    {
        public Dictionary<int, string> UserList = new Dictionary<int, string>();
        public int UserId { get; } = 101;
        public string UserName { get; } = "Rajakonda Uday Kumar";
        public string EmailId { get;} = "rajakondauday@gmail.com";
        public string ContactNumber { get; }
        public string UserDetails
        {   get => UserList[UserId]; 
            set => UserList[UserId] = value; 
         }
    }
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            User obj = new User();
            obj.UserList.Add(101, "A");
            obj.UserList.Add(102, "B");
            Console.WriteLine(obj.UserDetails);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

Examples:

class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($" {new Employee().EmployeeDetail()}");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
    class Employee
    {
        int empId { get; } = 101;
        string Name { get; } = "ABC";
        string Address { get; } = "Hyderabad";
        double Salary { get; } = 1000;
        public double HRA() => (Salary * 40) / 100;
        public string EmployeeDetail() => $"EmployeeId: {empId}\n EmployeeName: {Name}\nEmployeeAddress: {Address}\nEmployeeHRA: {HRA()}";
    }

 

Output:

 

2) Example:

class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($" {new Employee().EmployeeDetail()}");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }

    class Employee
    {
        int empId { get; } = 101;
        string Name { get; } = "ABC";
        string Address { get; } = "Hyderabad";
        double Salary { get; } = 1000;
        public Employee() => Salary = 1000;

        public double HRA() => (Salary * 40) / 100;
        public string EmployeeDetail() => $"EmployeeId: {empId}\n EmployeeName: {Name}\nEmployeeAddress: {Address}\nEmployeeHRA: {HRA()}";

        ~Employee() => Console.WriteLine("\n Destructor");
    }

 

C Sharp Throw Exception Directly

From C sharp 7.0 we can throw an exception directly through expression.

New Access Specifier in C sharp 7.2

In C# 7.2 a private protected has been added. So they are total 6 access specifier

 
From C Sharp 7.2.

•         public
•         protected
•         internal
•         private
•         protected internal
•         private protected

  To know about previous access specifier please go through this.


Private Protected: It really means protected AND internal.

 

From the above Example you can see that it gives Me Error. Reason is

 

 

To Fix this,

In Visual Studio 2017 first, we need to change the Language Type to C Sharp 7.2 as shown below

Goto Project File-> Right Click and Select Properties.

 

Click on Advanced Buttonà And the Change the settings to C sharp 7.2

 

That is - member is accessible only to child classes which are in the same assembly, but not to child classes which are outside assembly.

 

Now let me try to access this From the Outside Assembly.

1) private protected member is inaccessible outside the assembly for the child class.

 

2) private protected member is inaccessible inside the assembly for non-inherited class.

 

Error: